Literatuur
- Buizer, D.A.G. 1983. De Nederlandse zakpijpen (Manteldieren) en Mantelvisjes - Tunicata, Ascidiacea en Appendicularia. Wet. Meded. KNNV, 129.
- Knight-Jones, E.W. & J.S. Ryland 1995. Acorn-worms and Sea squirts (Phyla Hemichordata and Urochordata). In: Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe. (ed. P.J. Hayward & J.S. Ryland). Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Millar, R.H. 1970. British Ascidians. Synopses of the British Fauna (N.S.)., 1.